The Unix/Linux mkdir command is used to create new Unix/Linux directories (sub-directories). Let's take a look at some mkdir command examples.
How to create one directory
This first example creates a new directory named tmp in your current directory:
mkdir tmp
This example assumes that you have the proper permissions to create a new sub-directory in your current working directory.
Linux mkdir example - How to create multiple directories at one time
This command creates three new sub-directories (memos, letters, and e-mail) in the current directory:
mkdir memos letters e-mail
Linux mkdir example - How to create several subdirectories at one time
Use the -p option of the mkdir command to create multiple levels of subdirectories with one command. This example creates the directory /home/joe/customer/acme/foo/bar, and makes all intermediate subdirectories, as needed:
mkdir -p /home/joe/customer/acme/foo/bar
As you can imagine, that's a lot easier than typing these equivalent commands:
cd /home/joe
mkdir customer
cd customer
mkdir acme
cd acme
mkdir foo
cd foo
mkdir bar
Linux mkdir command: "Permission denied" errors
As a final note, if you try to create a directory like this:
mkdir baz
and you get an error message like this:
mkdir: cannot create directory 'baz': Permission denied
as the message implies, you don't have permission to create this directory. You can use the ls command to figure out what permission you have in this directory.
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